Finely dice onion, carrot, celery, and mince garlic. Set aside.
Heat olive oil in a large, heavy-bottomed pot over medium heat.
Add onion, carrot, and celery (soffritto); sauté until softened, about 5-6 minutes.
Stir in minced garlic and cook for 1 minute until fragrant.
Add ground beef and pork, breaking up with a wooden spoon into small pieces. Brown completely, about 7-8 minutes.
Continue cooking until you see caramelization at the bottom of the pot.
If using wine, add it now and deglaze the pot, scraping up browned bits. Simmer until reduced by half, about 3-4 minutes.
Stir in tomato paste and cook for 2-3 minutes until slightly darkened.
Add crushed tomatoes, beef broth, oregano, basil, bay leaf (if using), salt, and pepper.
Bring to a gentle simmer, then reduce heat to low.
If using milk, stir it in now.
Partially cover and simmer very gently for at least 1.5 hours (2-3 hours for best results), stirring occasionally.
Taste and adjust seasoning about 30 minutes before completion.
Remove bay leaf before serving.
Serve over cooked pasta with freshly grated Parmigiano-Reggiano.
Notes
For the most authentic result, let the sauce simmer as long as possible—the difference between a 1-hour and 3-hour bolognese is remarkable.
The sauce actually improves after refrigeration overnight as flavors continue to develop.
Freezes beautifully for up to 3 months in airtight containers.
Nutrition facts are estimates and may vary based on ingredients used, portion sizes, and preparation methods.
Nutrition
Serving Size:1/6 of recipe
Calories:320
Sugar:4
Sodium:380
Fat:21
Saturated Fat:8
Unsaturated Fat:12
Carbohydrates:8
Fiber:2
Protein:25
Cholesterol:75
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